Scientists analyzing human and mouse pancreatic lymph nodes (PLNs) and spleens have identified a distinct subset of CD4 memory helper T cells associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Reported by ...

B cells are a central component of the adaptive immune system, responsible for recognising pathogens and producing antibodies that neutralise infections. Their development, activation and ...

However, details of the intervening steps, as researchers have learned in the past 65 years, are quite complex — certain cells carry the flu antigen to the immune system, specific immune cells respond ...

At the surface, the immune response to a flu virus is simple. Some cells recognize the pathogen and send a signal to the immune system, and immune cells produce a potentially lifesaving antibody ...

T-bet expression is required for persistence of memory B cells that have rapid differentiation potential to become antibody-producing plasma cells in response to a second infection BIRMINGHAM, Ala. – ...