Electronic equipment uses predominantly positive voltage rails for power; occasionally, some negative voltage rails are also used. For this reason, negative (or inverting) output DC-DC converter ...

Digital-system designs require you to consider many core voltages. Memory operates at 1.8V, I 2 C and FPGA devices operate at 3.3V, microcontrollers operate at 5V, and charge-coupled-device image ...

High-voltage level shifters and gate drivers form critical interfaces within power converters, enabling low-voltage control circuits to drive high-voltage power stages reliably and efficiently. These ...

Switching dc-dc power supplies are prolific in today's consumer electronics. Most applications use an input source that provides a positive dc voltage referenced to system ground. These sources often ...

If your introduction to digital electronics came more years ago than you’d care to mention, the chances are you did so with 5V TTL logic. Above 2V but usually pretty close to 5V is a logic 1, below ...