While working on recreating an “ancient” (read: 60-year-old) logic circuit type known as resistor-transistor logic, [Tim] stumbled across a circuit with an unexpected oscillation. The oscillation ...

The ubiquitous LED continues to expand frontiers and applications with a plethora of sizes, colors, and output lumens. Flashing LEDs that incorporate internal electronics for oscillation offer ...

Emitter/source degeneration is a technique used to guard against drift in transistor parameters like beta. In addition, it helps linearize the small signal output. The transfer characteristic of a BJT ...

For a collector follower with emitter resistor, you’ll often find that the gain per stage is no more than 10 to 50 times. The gain increases when the emitter resistor is omitted. Unfortunately, the ...

IT is well known that changes in the d.c. characteristics of transistor amplifiers with temperature are particularly severe, and tend to limit the range over which these devices can operate. The d.c.